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| 70 |
| | Titus recovers Jerusalem for Rome, after four years of Jewish rule | |
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| 70 |
| | The complete destruction of the Jewish Temple follows the fall of Jerusalem to the Romans | |
| | The Western Wall supporting the Temple built by Herod Fotofile CG
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| 130 |
| | Hadrian, visiting Jerusalem, decides to rebuild it as a Roman city - an act which provokes the final Jewish uprising | |
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| 132 |
| | Simon Bar-Cochba drives the Romans out of Jerusalem and holds it for three years, until a large Roman army recovers the city | |
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| 135 |
| | After the Roman recovery of Jerusalem from Simon Bar-Cochba, all Jews are expelled from the city | |
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| c. 327 |
| | Helena, mother of the emperor Constantine, discovers in Jerusalem the cross on which Christ died - or so it is later claimed | |
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| 614 |
| | Jerusalem falls to the Persian emperor Khosrau II after a siege of a month, and it is said that 60,000 Christians are massacred | |
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| 615 |
| | When the Persians sack Jerusalem, they carry off to Ctesiphon Christianity's most sacred relic - the True Cross | |
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| 638 |
| | The Arab capture of Jerusalem brings Palestine and Syria under Muslim control | |
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| 691 |
| | The Dome of the Rock is completed as a Muslim shrine on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem | |
| | Jerusalem, Dome of the Rock Fotofile CG
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